Parkinson's disease is a progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorder that occurs as a result of the loss of dopamine-producing cells responsible for controlling movements in the brain. Although it is usually seen in individuals over the age of 60, it can also manifest at younger ages due to genetic predisposition or environmental factors. The decrease in dopamine levels in the brain leads to a disruption in communication between nerve cells, directly affecting the body's mobility and evolving into a condition that limits the quality of life over time.
The most typical symptoms of the disease include tremors in the hands and feet while at rest, muscle stiffness (rigidity), a significant slowing of movements (bradykinesia), and balance disorders. In addition to these physical symptoms, motor issues such as a masked facial expression, walking with small steps, and difficulty in writing, as well as non-motor symptoms like sleep disorders and depression, are frequently observed in patients. Early diagnosis is of vital importance for managing symptoms and slowing the progression rate of the disease.
The primary and fundamental approach in Parkinson's treatment is medication; this therapy aims to supplement the missing dopamine from an external source or enhance its effectiveness. However, as the disease progresses, the duration of the medication's effect may shorten, and sudden movement limitations between doses ("off" periods) or involuntary body movements called "dyskinesia" may occur. At this stage, where drug therapy is no longer sufficient or serious side effects are observed, surgical intervention options are evaluated to improve the patient's standard of living.
The most current and successful method of Parkinson's surgery is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). In this procedure, thin electrodes are placed into the regions of the brain responsible for movement, and these electrodes are connected to a small battery unit implanted under the collarbone. DBS suppresses abnormal signals by sending regular electrical impulses to the brain, thereby providing control over tremors, contractions, and slowness of movement. Thanks to this method, patients are able to reduce their medication doses and perform their daily tasks much more independently.
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Parkinson's Disease and Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) Parkinson's disease is a progressive and chronic neurodegenerative disorder that occurs as a result of the loss of dopamine-producing cells responsible for controlling movements in the brain. Although it is usually seen in individuals over the age of 60, it can also manifest at younger ages due to […]
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